Three countries that spend government money differently — and consistently beat the growth curve
These are precisely the countries that explicitly reinvest government revenue back into capital stocks rather than consuming it. Singapore's CPF system channels contributions into productive investment. Switzerland's fiscal rules keep federal spending below 35% of GDP with a structural surplus requirement. Norway deposits oil revenues into the Government Pension Fund Global (sovereign wealth fund) rather than spending them on current consumption. Under the Inclusive Wealth Criterion, their government spending appears as ΔK ≥ 0 across the inclusive-wealth ledger — unlike transfer-heavy governments where ΔK ≤ 0 for most outlays.